EPJ Data Sci. (2016) 5: 4
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-016-0065-5

Regular article

An experimental study of segregation mechanisms

¹ Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, 1 St Giles’, Oxford, OX1 3JS, United Kingdom
² Department of Mathematics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 05, Sweden
³ Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden

^* e-mail: milena.tsvetkova@oii.ox.ac.uk

Received: 12 October 2015
Accepted: 9 February 2016
Published online: 27 February 2016

Abstract

Segregation is widespread in all realms of human society. Several influential studies have argued that intolerance is not a prerequisite for a segregated society, and that segregation can arise even when people generally prefer diversity. We investigated this paradox experimentally, by letting groups of high-school students play four different real-time interactive games. Incentives for neighbor similarity produced segregation, but incentives for neighbor dissimilarity and neighborhood diversity prevented it. The participants continued to move while their game scores were below optimal, but their individual moves did not consistently take them to the best alternative position. These small differences between human and simulated agents produced different segregation patterns than previously predicted, thus challenging conclusions about segregation arising from these models.